سال 14، شماره 1 - ( بهار 1403 )
جلد 14 شماره 1 صفحات 203-178 |
برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها
گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران ، aminmoslemzadeh@yahoo.com
چکیده: (490 مشاهده)
فرونشست زمین، به عنوان یکی از مخاطرات محیطی، در بسیاری از کشورهای جهان در حال وقوع و رخ دادن است. این پدیده در صورت عدم مدیریت صحیح، می‌تواند خسارت جبران ناپذیر مالی و جانی ایجاد نماید. لذا، به دلیل اهمیت موضوع، این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی فرونشست زمین طی سال‌های 1396 تا 1400 در شمال آبخوان کاشمر به عنوان بخشی از حوضه آبریز ایران مرکزی و با مساحتی در حدود 6340 هکتار انجام شد. جهت پایش تغییرات روند فرونشست زمین از تداخل‌سنجی راداری استفاده شد. ارزیابی خشکسالی آب زیرزمینی با استفاده از شاخص PSI و روند تغییرات خشکسالی با استفاده از آزمون‌های تحلیل سری زمانی من-کندال و پتیت به دست آمد. همچنین جهت محاسبه تراکم چاه‌ها (17 حلقه چاه) از تابع تراکم کرنل و برای بررسی همبستگی مکانی-زمانی شاخص خشکسالی آب زیرزمینی و میزان تغییرات فرونشست زمین از روش آماری-تحلیلی استفاده شد. نتایج بررسی تداخل سنجی راداری نشان داد که در مناطق مختلف شمال آبخوان کاشمر و در بازه زمانیسال‌های 1396 تا 1400، به میزان 46 تا 84 سانتیمتر فرونشست به وقوع پیوسته است. بررسی خشکسالی آب زیرزمینی نیز با استفاده از سری زمانی شاخص خشکسالی PSI نشان داد که تغییرات ناگهانی شاخص آب زیرزمینی PSI در چاه کلاته رحیم و خلیل آباد در سطح احتمال 5 درصد غیرمعنی‌دار و در مابقی چاه‌های آبخوان معنی‌دار بوده است. بررسی روند همبستگی بین شاخص PSI و فرونشست زمین نشان دهنده ارتباط معنادار بین دو شاخص است. علاوه برآن، بررسی تراکم چاه‌ها نشان داد که بیشترین تراکم چاه در بخش‌های مرکزی و غربی شمال آبخوان کاشمر بوده که مربوط به اراضی زراعی است و یکی از دلایل مهم فرونشست زمین در بخش‌های مرکزی و غربی آبخوان، مربوط به تراکم چاه‌ها و برداشت بی‌رویه از سفره آب زیرزمینی می‌باشد.
نوع مطالعه: مستخرج از پایان‌نامه / رساله / طرح پژوهشی |
موضوع مقاله:
مدلسازی و تحلیل زمانی و مکانی رخداد انواع مختلف فرسایش محیطی
دریافت: 1402/4/21 | انتشار: 1403/1/20
دریافت: 1402/4/21 | انتشار: 1403/1/20
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