سال 15، شماره 1 - ( بهار 1404 )
جلد 15 شماره 1 صفحات 146-120 |
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Najafi Vafa A, Hosseini S M, Hosseinzadeh M M, Jafarbeglou M. Modeling the Erosion Potential and Sedimentation rate of the Gorganroud Watershed. E.E.R. 2025; 15 (1) :120-146
URL: http://magazine.hormozgan.ac.ir/article-1-860-fa.html
URL: http://magazine.hormozgan.ac.ir/article-1-860-fa.html
نجفی وفا اعظم، حسینی سید موسی، حسین زاده محمد مهدی، جعفربگلو منصور. مدلسازی پتانسیل فرسایش و نرخ رسوب‌دهی حوضه آبریز گرگانرود. پژوهش هاي فرسايش محيطي. 1404; 15 (1) :120-146
گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. ، smhosseini@ut.ac.ir
چکیده: (562 مشاهده)
حوضهآبریزگرگانرود در استان گلستان، به دلیل شرایط خاص توپوگرافی و خاک‌های حساس، یکی از مناطق آسیب‌پذیرکشوردر برابر فرسایش خاک محسوب می‌شود. تعیین پتانسیل فرسایش این حوضه در ارزیابی ریسک فرسایش و برآورد میزان تلفات رسوب اهمیت دارد. در این پژوهش، با استفاده از مدل پتانسیل فرسایش(EPM)، توزیع فضایی پتانسیل فرسایش خاک در 11 زیرحوضه حوضه آبریزگرگانرود مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. به‌منظور دستیابی به این هدف، از لایه‌های اطلاعاتی زمین‌شناسی، خاک‌شناسی، شیب، ارتفاع، دمای سطحزمین، بارش وکاربری اراضی زمین در محیط GIS استفاده شد. در ادامه، نسبت تحویل رسوب در هر زیرحوضه توسط سه روش مرسومگاوریلوویچ، بویس و ویلیامز-برنت محاسبه و رابطه ریاضی بین این نسبت و ویژگی‌های حوضه‌ای مشخص شد. برای اعتبارسنجی نقشه پتانسیل رسوب حوضه، داده‌های متوسط بلندمدت رسوب ویژه 11 ایستگاه هیدرومتری درخروجی زیرحوضههای مورد مطالعه طی سال‌های 1345 تا 1396 محاسبه و نمودار مشخصه عملکرد محاسبه شد. سطح زیر منحنی مشخصه نتایج پتانسیل رسوب بر اساس معادله نسبت تحویل رسوب ویلیامز-برنت،گاوریلوویچ و بویس به ترتیب 78/0، 42/0و 75/0 بدست آمد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که بجز بخشهای جنوب شرقی حوضه گرگانرود که شامل زیرحوضههای پل غزنوی و آق سوقوچمزکه در کلاس شدت فرسایش شدید قرار دارند، سایر زیرحوضه‌ها درکلاس بسیار شدید قرار می‌گیرند. میزان فرسایش ویژه و رسوب ویژه کل حوضه به ترتیب 7656 و 26/862 مترمکعب در کیلومترمربع در سال برآورد شد. به منظور ارائه یک رابطه ریاضی نسبت تحویل رسوب برای حوضه آبریز گرگانرود، از فاکتورهای مساحت، محیط، شماره منحنی، طول آبراهه، بارش، دما، اختلاف ارتفاع و شیب متوسط زیرحوضههای مورد مطالعه در رگرسیون گام بهگام استفاده شد. مدل رگرسیونی بدست آمده دارای ضریب تبیین 969/0 و خطای استاندارد 022/0، عملکرد بسیار خوبی در محاسبه مقدار SDR زیرحوضههای مور مطالعه نشان داد. متغیرهای شیب حوضه، طول آبراهه، دما و بارش به ترتیب بیشترین تاثیر را در برآورد SDR در حوضه گرگانرود داشتند. روش مورد استفاده در این تحقیق میتواند برای سایر حوضههای آبریز به منظور کمیسازی نرخ فرسایش کل و میزان رسوب خروجی از حوضه استفاده شود.
نوع مطالعه: مستخرج از پایان‌نامه / رساله / طرح پژوهشی |
موضوع مقاله:
مدلسازی و تحلیل زمانی و مکانی رخداد انواع مختلف فرسایش محیطی
دریافت: 1403/7/10 | انتشار: 1404/1/3
دریافت: 1403/7/10 | انتشار: 1404/1/3
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