سال 16، شماره 2 - ( تابستان 1405 )                   جلد 16 شماره 2 صفحات 44-22 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها


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ahmadi O, Alamdari P, Servati M, Askari M S. Soil quality assessment in agricultural lands south of Lake Urmia. E.E.R. 2026; 16 (2) :22-44
URL: http://magazine.hormozgan.ac.ir/article-1-923-fa.html
احمدی امید، علمداری پریسا، ثروتی مسلم، عسکری محمد صادق. مقایسه ویژگی‌های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی خاک در کاربری‌های باغی و زراعی جنوب دریاچه ارومیه. پژوهش هاي فرسايش محيطي. 1405; 16 (2) :22-44

URL: http://magazine.hormozgan.ac.ir/article-1-923-fa.html


گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران ، p_alamdari@znu.ac.ir
چکیده:   (401 مشاهده)
در این پژوهش پایش کیفیت خاک به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین ابزارهای مدیریت پایدار اراضی، در دو کاربری زراعی و باغی شهرستان چهاربرج (جنوب دریاچه ارومیه) انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری به‌صورت مرکب از ۹ پایگاه در سه تکرار و از عمق‌های ۰-۳۰، ۳۰-۶۰ و در کاربری باغی در سه عمق ۰-۳۰، ۳۰-۶۰ و۶۰-۱۲۰ سانتی‌متری انجام شد و ۱۶ ویژگی فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی خاک به‌روش‌های استاندارد اندازه‌گیری شد. داده‌ها در قالب طرح فاکتوریل (کاربری × عمق) در طرح کاملاً تصادفی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربری اراضی مهم‌ترین عامل مؤثر بر کیفیت خاک است. کاربری باغی در مقایسه با زراعی بهترتیب باعث کمتر شدن وزن مخصوص ظاهری (35/9 %)، شوری (۵۲-۶0 %)، نسبت جذب سدیم 23/66-12/67 % و بیشتر شدن میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه (46/12 %)، 6/29 % کربن آلی، 5/42 % نیتروژن کل و ۱1-41 % شاخص‌های زیستی گردید. در مقابل، شوری زیاد و سدیمی شدن چشمگیر در کاربری زراعی، خطر جدی برای تبدیل خاک به نوع شور-سدیمی را به‌همراه داشت. نتایج نشان داد فسفر قابل‌جذب مشابه نیتروژن کل و کربن آلی به نوع کاربری و ورودی ماده آلی واکنش نشان می‌دهند. ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی در کاربری زراعی 95/48 % بیشتر از کاربری باغی بود که عمدتاً ناشی از رس بالاتر در سایت‌های زراعی است. تحلیل همبستگی پیرسون قوی‌ترین روابط را بین کربن آلی با فسفر (r=0.82**)، شوری و نسبت جذب سدیم (r=0.79**)، ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی و رس (r=0.58**) و کربن آلی با نیتروژن کل (r=0.58**) نشان داد. در مجموع به نظر می‌رسد توسعه باغ‌های چندساله در حاشیه دریاچه ارومیه راهبردی مؤثر برای بهبود سلامت زیستی و کیفیت خاک، کاهش خطر شورشدگی و افزایش پایداری اکوسیستم‌های کشاورزی است. نتایج این پژوهش بر ضرورت بازنگری در الگوی کاربری اراضی منطقه و اولویت‌دهی به توسعه باغ‌های مقاوم به شوری و خشکی در برنامه‌های احیای دریاچه ارومیه تأکید دارد.
 
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نوع مطالعه: مستخرج از پایان‌نامه / رساله / طرح پژوهشی | موضوع مقاله: مدیریت و کنترل اثرات فرسایش محیطی
دریافت: 1404/12/3 | انتشار: 1405/5/25

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