زودآیند (زمستان)
برگشت به فهرست مقالات |
برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها
مینا بیات* 
، مرتضی خداقلی ، احسان زندی ، مهشید سوری ، سعیده ناطقی
، مرتضی خداقلی ، احسان زندی ، مهشید سوری ، سعیده ناطقی
بخش تحقیقات مرتع، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران ، bayat10539.m@gmail.com
چکیده: (582 مشاهده)
پوشش گیاهی مراتع در مناطق خشک با ریشههای گسترده خود به تثبیت خاک، افزایش پایداری آن و مقاومت در برابر فرسایش کمک میکند. این پوشش گیاهی همچنین با افزایش نفوذ آب و مواد آلی، به حفظ رطوبت و سلامت خاک یاری میرساند. هدف این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر عوامل محیطی بر پوشش گیاهی مراتع شور اشتهارد و ارزیابی تغییرات اکوتیپ غالب، Halocnemumstrobilaceum، تحت این تأثیرات است تا در نهایت به مدیریت بهینه مراتع شور دست یابد. نمونهبرداری پوشش گیاهی با استفاده از روش تصادفی-سیستماتیک و با استقرار ۶۰ پلات دو متر مربعی در امتداد چهار ترانسکت ۲۲۵ متری انجام شد. همزمان، نمونههای خاک برای اندازهگیری ویژگیهای کلیدی شامل هدایت الکتریکی (EC)، اسیدیته (pH)، کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل، فسفر قابل دسترس، پتاسیم قابل دسترس و بافت خاک جمعآوری شد. برای تعیین اهمیت نسبی عوامل محیطی مؤثر بر پوشش گیاهی، از تحلیل مؤلفههای اصلی (PCA) با استفاده از نرمافزارهای XLSTAT و MINITAB نسخه ۱۶ استفاده گردید. تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد که پوشش گیاهی و تولید در منطقه اشتهارد، بیشترین همبستگی را با بارش سالانه و عوامل خاکی مانند نیتروژن، کربن، پتاسیم، اسیدیته و شوری دارند. نمودار PCA نشان داد که دو مؤلفه اصلی، یعنی ویژگیهای خاک و بارش، مجموعاً ۷۲.۱۲٪ از تغییرات پوشش گیاهی را تبیین میکنند. عوامل پوشش گیاهی و تولید، رابطهای مستقیم و قوی با بارش، پتاسیم، سیلت، کربن و نیتروژن خاک نشان دادند، در حالی که رابطهای معکوس با شوری خاک، دما و اسیدیته داشتند. یافتههای حاصل از تحلیل مؤلفههای اصلی به وضوح نشان میدهد که ویژگیهای خاک و بارش، دو عامل محوری در تعیین نوع و تراکم پوشش گیاهی در مراتع شور اشتهارد هستند. شناخت دقیق و مدیریت مؤثر گونههای گیاهی غالب، بهویژه Halocnemum strobilaceum، برای ساختار اجتماعی-اقتصادی این مراتع حیاتی بوده و برای پایداری اکوسیستم مراتع شور امری ضروری است.
فهرست منابع
1. Aghajanloo, F., Akbarzadeh, P. & Eftekhari, A. R. (2024). Measuring vegetation changes in relation to soil characteristics and livestock grazing. Case study: Badamestan rangelands of Tarom, Zanjan province. Journal of Range and Desert Research, 31(4), 325-346. 10.22092/ijrdr.2025.132899.
2. Ahmadi, T., Malek Poor, B. and Kazemi Mazandarani, S.S. (2011). Investigation of exclosure effect upon physical and chemical properties of soil at Kohneh Lashak Mazandaran, Plant Ecophysiology, 8(3):89-100. (In Persian)
3. Akbarzadeh, P. and Niko, S.H. (2022). Investigating the effect of regional development through land use change on the groundwater table level (case study: Damghan watershed). Geography and Environmental Sustainability, 12(3): 1-21. doi: 10.22126/ges.2022.7594.2512. (In Persian)
4. Amani, M., Koch, Y. and Abedi, M. (2022). The effect of intensity of wooded rangeland destruction on root characteristics and soil eco-chemical activities in Mirkla Nowshahr region. Rangeland, 17 (1): 82-96. http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.20080891.1402.17.1.6.5. (In Persian).
5. Arzani, H. (1997). Guidelines for the assessment plan of rangelands in different climatic regions of the country, Publications of the Research Institute of Forests and Ranges, 65 pages. (In Persian).
6. Bai, Y., Wu, J., Xing, Q., Pan, Q., Huang, J., Yang, D. and Han, X. (2008). Primary yield and rain use efficiency across a precipitation gradient on the Mongolia plateau. Ecology, 89: 2140-2153.
https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0992.1 [DOI:10.1890/07- 0992.1]
7. Bakhshi, J., Javadi, S. A. and Arzani, H. (2019). Study on the effects of different levels of grazing and exclosure on vegetation and soil properties in semiarid rangelands of Iran. Journal of Acta Ecologica Sinica, 40 (6): 425-431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2019.07.003. [DOI:10.1016/j.chnaes.2019.07.003]
8. Baumgardt, J. A., Morrison, M. L., Brennan, L. A., Pierce, B. L. and Campbell, T. A. (2019). Development of multispecies, long-term monitoring programs for resource management. Rangeland ecology and management, 72 (1): 168-181.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2018.07.010 [DOI:10.1016/j.rama.2018.07.01 0]
9. Bayat, M., Arzani, H. and Jalili, A. (2016). The effect of climatic conditions on vegetation cover and yield in steppe rangelands(Case Study: Alavijeh and Khondab-Isfahan province). Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 23(2), 372-357. doi: 10.22092/ijrdr.2016.107037. (In Persian).
10. Borhani, M. and Jaberalansar, Z. (2019). Effects of environmental factors on vegetation in rangelands of Semirom (Isfahan province) using ordination analysis. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 26(3): 741-753. (In Persian).
11. Bork, E.W., Thomas, T. and Mcdougall, B. (2001). Herbage response to precipitation in central Alberta boreal grasslands. Journal of Range Management. 54:243-248. [DOI:10.2307/4003241]
12. Boyte, S. P., Wylie, B. K. and Major, D. J. (2019). Validating a time series of annual grass percent cover in the Sagebrush ecosystem, Rangeland ecology and management, 72 (2): 347-359. [DOI:10.1016/j.rama.2018.09.004]
13. Bremner, J. (1982). Total nitrogen. Methods of soil analysis Am Soc Agron Mongrn 10, 2:594-624.
14. Van den Berg, L & Kellner, K. (2005). Restoring degraded patches in a semi-arid rangeland of South Africa. Journal of Arid Environments. 61. 497-511. 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.09.024. [DOI:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.09.024]
15. Dadgar, M., Aliha, M. and Faramarzi, A. (2011). Relationship between available phosphorus and some soil physical and chemical characteristics in Absard Plain (Damavand Province). Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 18(3), 498-504. [DOI:10.22092/ijrdr.2011.102185]
16. Derner, J. D. D. D. Briske. and Boutton, T. W. (1997). Does grazing mediate soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation beneath C4 perennial grasses along an invironmental gradient. Plant and soil. 191 (2): 147-156. [DOI:10.1023/A:1004298907778]
17. Dormaar, J.F., Johnston, A. and Smoliak, S. (1984). Seasonal changes in carbon content and Dehydrogenass, Phosphatas, and Urease activities in mixed prairies and fescue grassland horizons. Journal of Range Management, 31: 31-35. [DOI:10.2307/3898819]
18. Ebrahimi, A. (2016). The effect of vector statistics groups and vegetative forms on the estimation of the relationship between yield and vegetation. Rangeland and Watershed Scientific-Research Journal, 70(1): 19-30. (In Persian).
19. Farahani, A., Eftekhari, A., Mirdavoudi, H. and Goudarzi, G. (2022). The effect of exclosure and climate changes on vegetation characteristics in the saline habitats of Meyghan playa margin, Arak. Iranian journal of range and desert research, 3(29): 201-210. (In Persian with English summary).
20. Fenetahun, Y., Yuan. Y., Xinwen, X., Fentahun, T., Nzabarinda, V. and Yong-dong, W. (2021). Impact of grazing intensity on soil properties in Teltele rangeland, Ethiopia. Frontiers Environmental Sciences, 9: 134-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.664104 [DOI:10.3389/fenvs.2021.664104]
21. Ghelichnia, H. and Eftekhari, A. R. (2024). Investigation of vegetation and soil changes in semi-humid grasslands of Mazandaran province during 2017-2021, Asbchar site. Journal of Range and Desert Research, 31(1), 29-52.
22. Heydari Qahfarkhi, Z., Ebrahimi, A., Asgari Pardanjani, H., Asadi Borojni, I. and Shirmardi Hamzeh, A. (2023).The effect of different intensities of livestock grazing on some quantitative indicators of vegetation and soil (case study: rangelands of Farsan city in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province). Rangeland, 17 (4):529- 549.
23. Huang, P. and Tsai, W. (2010). Using multiple-criteria decision-making techniques for ecoenvironmental vulnerability assessment: a case study on the Chi-Jia-Wan Stream watershed, Taiwan, Journal of Environment Monitoring Assess, 168: 141-158. [DOI:10.1007/s10661-009-1098-z]
24. Jahantigh, M. and Jahantigh, M. (2022). Comparison of desert ecosystem soil properties with different vegetation (Case study: Southwest Sistan). Quarterly Journal of Human and Environment, 60, 117-128.
25. Jia, B.R., Zhou, G.S., Wang, Y. H., Yang, W. P. and Zhou, L. (2005). Partitioning root and microbial contributions to soil respiration in Leymus chinensis population. Journal of Soil Biology&Biochemistry,38:653-660.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.027 [DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.027.]
26. Joneidi, H., Azizi, N., Osati, K. and Bandak, I., 2020. The effects of precipitation variability on the canopy cover of forage species in arid rangelands, Iran. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 13, pp.1-9. [DOI:10.1007/s12517-020-05901-x]
27. Joneidi, H., Bazgir, E. and Kamali, N. (2025). Effectiveness of biological characteristics of rangeland soil in the face of land use change to dryland (Case study: Rangelands in Kermanshah). Environmental Erosion Research Journal, 15(1), 25-44. [DOI:10.61186/jeer.15.1.25]
28. Jones, M.O., Naugle, D.E., Twidwell, D., Uden, D.R., Maestas, J.D. and Allred, B.W. (2020). Beyond inventories: emergence of a new era in rangeland monitoring. Rangeland Ecology & Management, 73(5), pp.577-583.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2020.06.009 [DOI:10.1016/j.rama.2020.06.009.]
29. Kachergis, E., Miller, S.W., McCord, S.E., Dickard, M., Savage, S., Reynolds, L.V., Lepak, N., Dietrich, C., Green, A., Nafus, A. and Prentice, K. (2022). Adaptive monitoring for multiscale land management: Lessons learned from the assessment, inventory, and monitoring (AIM) principles. Rangelands, 44(1),125-134.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rala.2021.08.006 [DOI:10.1016/j.rala.2021.08.006Get rights and content]
30. Khodagholi, M., Sabouhi, R., Eftekhari, A. R. and Bayat, M. (2024). Investigating the trend of vegetation changes in semi-steppe grasslands of central Zagros. Journal of Range and Desert Research, 31(4), 363-381.
31. Kia, F., Tavlili, A. and Javadi, S.A. (2010). Multi-range species distribution in relation to some environmental factors of the four gardens of Golestan province. Journal of Rangeland. 5(3): 292-301. (In Persian).
32. Kohandel, A., Arzani, H. and Hosseini Tavassol, M. (2011). Effect of grazing intensity on soil and vegetation characteristics using principal components analysis. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 17(4):518-526. (In Persian).
33. Kohandel, A., Arzani, H. and Hosseini Tavassol, M. (2011). Effect of grazing intensity on soil and vegetation characteristics using principal components analysis. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 17(4):518-526. (In Persian).
34. Mc Cord, S.E. and Pilliod, D.S. (2022). Adaptive monitoring in support of adaptive management in rangelands. Rangelands, 44(1), pp.1-7.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rala.2021.07.003 [DOI:10.1016/j.rala.2021.07.0 03]
35. Mesdaghi, M. (2005). Vegetation description and analysis. Mashhad University Jihad Publications, 228 p (In Persian).
36. Mogimi, J. (2005). Introduction to some range species. Aaron Publications.
37. Moslemi, H., & Darvishi, R. (2017). Strategies for reducing groundwater level decline (Case study: Lavar Plain - Hormozgan Province). Scientific-Promotional Journal of Land Management, 5(2), 125-136.
38. Motamedi, J. (2022). Measurement and monitoring of vegetation cover in saline habitats on the western shore of Lake Urmia. Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 75(3), 449-470.
39. Naseri, M., Ahmadi, S., & Karimi, F. (2021). The relationship between rangeland production and climatic factors in the Jashloubar rangelands, Semnan Province. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 28(3), 300-315.
40. Niknahad, H., Aghtabye, A. and Akbarlou, M., 2017. Effects of grazing exclusure on some soil physical and, its erodibility and carbon sequestration (Case study: Bozdaghin rangelands, North Khorasan, Iran). Iranian journal of range and desert research, 24(4):708-718. ttps://doi.org/10.22092/ijrdr.2017.114058. (In Persian).
41. Olsen, S.R. and Sommers, J.F. (1982). Phosphorus. P 403-430, In: A.L. Page (ed.), Methods of soil Analysis. Agron. No. 9, part 2: Chemical and microbiological properties, 2 nd edition, American Society of Agronomy., Madison, WI, USA. [DOI:10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.2ed.c24]
42. Rahmani, E., Jalili, A., Pourhashemi, M., eftekhari, A., Farashtiani, M. and Sefidkon, F. (2022). Monitoring of Iran nature. Journal of Iran nature. 7(7): 67-89. (In Persian with English summary). https:// doi.org /10.22092/IRN.2022.126100.
43. Raiesi, F. and Beheshti, A. (2022). Evaluating forest soil quality after deforestation and loss of ecosystem services using network analysis and factor analysis techniques. Catena, 208, 105778. [DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2021.105778]
44. Sadeghi, S., Mohammadi-Samani, K., Hosseini, V.and Shakeri, Z. (2019). Effect of grazing intensity and type of livestock on physical and chemical properties of forest soil (Case study: Armardeh forest, Baneh, Iran). Iranian journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 27(3): 349-363
45. Souri, M., Bayat, M., Arzani, H. and khodagholi, M. (2020). Estimation of long-term forage yield of steppe rangelands of Fars province based on climatic factors parameters. Journal of Range and Watershed Managment, 72(4): 995-1009. doi: 10.22059/jrwm.2020.287255.1408. (In Persian).
46. Souri, M., Bayat, M., Arzani, H. & Khodagholi, M. (2019). Estimation of long-term forage production of Fars steppe rangelands based on climatic parameters. Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 72(4), 995-1009.
47. Souri, M., Fayaz, M., Kamali, N. and Nateghi, S. (2019). Operation changes in rangeland due to rangeland management (Sabzevar rangelands). Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 25(4): 911-922. doi: 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.118623. (In Persian).
48. Throop, H.L., Munson, S., Hornslein, N. and McClaran, M.P. (2022). Shrub influence on soil carbon and nitrogen in a semi-arid grassland is mediated by precipitation and largely insensitive to livestock grazing. Arid Land Research and Management, 36(1): 27-46. [DOI:10.1080/15324982.2021.1952660]
49. Vieira, S. R. and Gonzalez. A. Paz., 2003. Analysis of the spatial variability of crop yield and soil properties in small agricultural plots. Bragantia Campinas, 62: 127-138. [DOI:10.1590/S0006-87052003000100016]
50. Weishou, S.H., Zhang, H., Shouguang, D.J.Y., Haidong, L. and Naifeng, L. (2011). The esponse relation between climate change and NDVI over the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, world academy of science, engineering and technology, International Science Index, 59: 2438-2444. [DOI:10.5281/zenodo.1055110.]
51. Yalcin, E. (2018). The Rlationship among aboveground biomaa, primary productivity, precipitation and temperature in grazed and ungrazed temperature grassland from northern Turkey. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science, 1(3): 107-113. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/bsengineering /issue/38628
52. Yuan, Z.Y., Chen, H.Y. and Reich, P.B. (2011). Globalscale latitudinal patterns of plant fine-root nitrogen and phosphorus. Nature Communications, 2(1): 12-19.
https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1346 [DOI:10.1038/ncomms1346.]
53. Zare Chahouki, M. A., Nodehi, R. and Tavili, A. (2010). Investigation of species diversity and its relationship with environmental factors in Eshtehard rangelands. Scientific-Research Quarterly of Dryland, 1(2),215-228.
54. Zare Khormizi, H. and Ghafarian Malmiri, H., 2022. Preparing a map of the vegetation percentage of rangelands and monitoring its changes in drought and drought periods using MODIS sensor NDVI (case study: southern rangelands of Yazd province). The title of the publication, 23 (69): 193-215. http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/jgs.23.69.193. (In Persian)
ارسال پیام به نویسنده مسئول
| بازنشر اطلاعات | |
 |
این مقاله تحت شرایط Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License قابل بازنشر است. |
